Bartlett: A History of Political Gridlock

Written by FrumForum News on Thursday October 14, 2010

Bruce Bartlett writes:

With the likely prospect that we will have divided government once again starting in January, I was curious about how often we have had unified government control or divided control throughout our history. I compiled the following data beginning with establishment of the modern two-party system with the rise of the Republican Party in the 1850s. It shows that unified government has been more the norm throughout history, with 91 years of unified government and 63 years of divided government. My hope is that those more statistically and graphically literate than I am may find correlations with economic growth and other variables.


Government Control, 1857-2010
Year
White House
Senate
House
Control
1857
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1858
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1859
Dem
Dem
Rep
Divided
1860
Dem
Dem
Rep
Divided
1861
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1862
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1863
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1864
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1865
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1866
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1867
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1868
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1869
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1870
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1871
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1872
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1873
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1874
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1875
Rep
Rep
Dem
Divided
1876
Rep
Rep
Dem
Divided
1877
Rep
Rep
Dem
Divided
1878
Rep
Rep
Dem
Divided
1879
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1880
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1881
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1882
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1883
Rep
Rep
Dem
Divided
1884
Rep
Rep
Dem
Divided
1885
Dem
Rep
Dem
Divided
1886
Dem
Rep
Dem
Divided
1887
Dem
Rep
Dem
Divided
1888
Dem
Rep
Dem
Divided
1889
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1890
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1891
Rep
Rep
Dem
Divided
1892
Rep
Rep
Dem
Divided
1893
Dem
Rep
Dem
Divided
1894
Dem
Rep
Dem
Divided
1895
Dem
Rep
Rep
Divided
1896
Dem
Rep
Rep
Divided
1897
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1898
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1899
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1900
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1901
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1902
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1903
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1904
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1905
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1906
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1907
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1908
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1909
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1910
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1911
Rep
Rep
Dem
Divided
1912
Rep
Rep
Dem
Divided
1913
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1914
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1915
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1916
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1917
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1918
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1919
Dem
Rep
Rep
Divided
1920
Dem
Rep
Rep
Divided
1921
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1922
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1923
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1924
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1925
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1926
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1927
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1928
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1929
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1930
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1931
Rep
Rep
Dem
Divided
1932
Rep
Rep
Dem
Divided
1933
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1934
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1935
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1936
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1937
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1938
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1939
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1940
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1941
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1942
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1943
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1944
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1945
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1946
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1947
Dem
Rep
Rep
Divided
1948
Dem
Rep
Rep
Divided
1949
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1950
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1951
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1952
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1953
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1954
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
1955
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1956
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1957
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1958
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1959
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1960
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1961
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1962
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1963
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1964
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1965
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1966
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1967
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1968
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1969
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1970
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1971
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1972
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1973
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1974
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1975
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1976
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1977
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1978
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1979
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1980
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1981
Rep
Rep
Dem
Divided
1982
Rep
Rep
Dem
Divided
1983
Rep
Rep
Dem
Divided
1984
Rep
Rep
Dem
Divided
1985
Rep
Rep
Dem
Divided
1986
Rep
Rep
Dem
Divided
1987
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1988
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1989
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1990
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1991
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1992
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
1993
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1994
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
1995
Dem
Rep
Rep
Divided
1996
Dem
Rep
Rep
Divided
1997
Dem
Rep
Rep
Divided
1998
Dem
Rep
Rep
Divided
1999
Dem
Rep
Rep
Divided
2000
Dem
Rep
Rep
Divided
2001
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
2002
Rep
Dem
Rep
Divided
2003
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
2004
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
2005
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
2006
Rep
Rep
Rep
Unified
2007
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
2008
Rep
Dem
Dem
Divided
2009
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
2010
Dem
Dem
Dem
Unified
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